Research Article
Journal of Global Hematology
Volume 2, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 12-23 
10.18081/JGH/2021.2/12
Authors
Yassine El Harrak 1 , Salma Berrada 2 , Amina Touhami 3 * 
Affiliation
1 Department of Hematology, Mohammed V University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
2 Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
3 Department of Clinical Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Rabat, Morocco.
Received 24 January 2021; revised 25 March 2021; accepted 30 March 2021; published 14 April 2021
Abstract
Background
TP53 mutations represent a clinically significant subset of molecular alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), frequently associated with complex cytogenetics, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis. Data on TP53-mutated AML from North African populations remain limited.
Objective
To determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and prognostic impact of TP53 mutations in AML patients treated at a tertiary cancer center in Morocco.
Methods
This retrospective study included 80 adult patients with newly diagnosed AML at Mohammed V University Hospital, Rabat, from January 2017 to December 2020. Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed to detect TP53 mutations. Clinical data, cytogenetic profiles, treatment responses, and survival outcomes were analyzed and compared between TP53-mutated and TP53 wild-type groups.
Results
TP53 mutations were identified in 27.5% of patients and were significantly associated with complex cytogenetics (p < 0.01). The complete remission (CR) rate was lower in TP53-mutated patients (50.0%) compared to wild-type cases (62.1%). Mean overall survival was 9.5 months for TP53-mutated patients versus 11.1 months in the wild-type group. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed decreased survival probability among TP53-mutated patients.
Conclusion
TP53 mutations in AML are strongly associated with adverse cytogenetic features, lower response rates, and poor survival outcomes. These findings support routine molecular screening for TP53 mutations at diagnosis and highlight the need for targeted therapeutic approaches in this high-risk population.
Keywords
Acute myeloid leukemia; TP53 mutation; prognostic marker; molecular profiling; Morocco; complex karyotype; survival analysis
1.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
All articles published in The Journal of Global Hematology (JGH) are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.